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Document de 5 pages au format WORD
TweeterDetailed biography of Vaclav Havel, Czech playwright, essayist, dissident and politician of the 20th century. Valclav was a key figure of the dissident movement against the Communist regime in Czechoslovakia. From his origins until his death, this biography focuses on four different periods of his life: the begining of his dissidence within the cultural movement, the years of the dissidence until his political leadership during the upheavals of the 1980's and 1990's and his presidency of the Czech republic after the Velvet Revolution.
Extract:
When the Czech Republic was created, Václav Havel stood for election as president on January 26, 1993, and won. As the president of the transition Havel was confronted to important choice of society for his new Czech Republic, which he tried to influence with his own thoughts. But his own point of view soon enter in conflict with the one of his Prime Minister Václav Klaus – who promoted total privatization and full de-Communization – creating real public debates on the way that Czech Republic should take. At the opposite of Klaus' thoughts Havel saw that economic liberties alone do not necessarily create responsible citizens, he trusted more in the interconnecting activities influencing each others, so he tried to promote what he called the Civil Society. For him Czech Republic had to rebuild the social and cultural mechanisms which had been dissolved under Communism, he wanted “a society in which citizen participate in public life”, in order to protect the state against both popular tides of passion and demagogic political leaders. If the economical crisis starting in 1996 brought the departure of Klaus' government, the economical transition was already mostly done in favor of the ultra-liberal point of view of the latter. But the ideological conflict between the two Václavs was also visible in the Czech foreign policy. Havel saw European culture as a chance of providing a space for resistance both totalitarianism and to an exclusively market based economic rationality by basing this Europe on the value of Human Rights and Democracy. (...)
Table of Contents:
Origins
I) From a new cultural movement to the dissidence
II) The dissidence
III) Revolution(s) and political leadership
IV) A Czech president
Reading list
5
Docs en anglais publié le 22/08/2012
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