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    Comparative analysis on the implementation of the Directive 2006/24/EC relating to data retention in: Belgium, France and Germany

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    RÉSUMÉ

    March 15th 2006, the European Parliament and the Council adopted the 2006/24/EC Data Retention Directive (called “the Directive” in this paper). This Directive is about the retention of data generated or processed in connection with the provision of publicly available electronic communications services or/of public communications networks. It is amending Directive 2002/58/EC concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector.

    AUTRES

    Through this paper, we would like to highlight possible factors explaining this difference in compliance throughout European Union. In a more specific way, we would like to check whether the presence of existing legislation in line with the Directive, a certain institutional framework or some specific cultural features could have an influence on the compliance of a country.

    Extract:

    [...] To determine the countries we will compare through this paper, we choose “the compliance with the Directive” as dependent variable. In fact, after some researches on the countries that did not comply on time, we have decided to choose “France” as an example of compliance, “Belgium” as an example of non-entire compliance, and “Germany” as an example of non-compliance. There is a lot of other member states fitting to this description, but as we wanted to pick up three countries with a certain degree of similarity, we have
    decided to use Francis Castle's theory in order to select our cases. The theory of Castle starts from two observations: first, there are groupings of nations that share, to varying degrees, common historical and cultural experiences. Second, that families of nations defined in this sense do, in some area, appear to manifest rather similar outcomes. However it is important to emphasize that Castle doesn't proceed from any clearly articulated theory of how history and culture impact on public policies outcomes.

    The concept of families of nations comes from the notion that it may be possible to identify distinct families of nations, defined in terms of shared linguistic, cultural, geographical, and/or historical attributes and leading to distinctive patterns of public policy outcomes. This concept suggests “that some of the most important policy similarities between groups of nations and their differences from others groups may be attributable as much to history and culture and their transmission and diffusion amongst nations as to the immediate
    impact of economy, political and social variables that figure almost exclusively in the contemporary public policy literature”.

    [...] Our third hypothesis deals with the type of cultural features of the country; if a country has a certain type of cultural features, then this country is more likely to be receptive to adopt Data Retention Directive.
    Firstly, we would like to precise our intention to use a hypothesis based on cultural features while we have used the “families of nation” theory. Indeed, we have considered Castle's theory as based on geographical, historical, linguistic, religious characteristics while Hofstede's indexes deal with other kinds of cultural features as individualism or collectivism, femininity or masculinity, small or large power distance, weak or strong uncertainty avoidance, and long or short term orientation.

    Because of time constraints, we have only used the most relevant indexes of Geert Hofstede to see if the cultural features of a country have an impact on the implementation on the Data Retention Directive. (...)

    Table of Contents:

    Introduction

    1. Data Retention Directive: content

    2. Research design
    2.1. Choice of countries and dependent variable
    2.2. Choice of independent variables (hypotheses)
    2.2.1. Existing legislation
    2.2.2. Decision-making process
    2.2.3. Cultural features
    2.3. Research question

    3. Introduction of the cases
    3.1. France
    3.2. Belgium
    3.3. Germany

    4. Results on first independent variable: existing legislation
    4.1. France
    4.2. Belgium
    4.3. Germany

    5. Results on second independent variable – decision-making process
    5.1. France
    5.2. Belgium
    5.3. Germany

    6. Results on third independent variable – cultural features
    6.1. France
    6.2. Belgium
    6.3. Germany

    7. Comparison

    8. Conclusion

    References
    Appendices

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    Yannick

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