The concept of justice in Rousseau and Hobbes

Docs en anglais | 7 pages | 18-07-2008 | Format : | Note : Non noté |

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Résumé

In the famous newspapers Le Monde dated from the 16th, May 2008, a survey published in the American magazine on 9th assesses that the sense of equity would be more emotional than rational. However, justice sounds more reason than emotion. This new result would compete with theories of justice that we know so far, that is to say Plato's, Rousseau's, Hobbes' and Rawls', explaining that justice is an achievement of reason. In political philosophy literature, researchers are used to gather together Rousseau and Hobbes' theories, in a sense that they are the precursors of the modern powerful State. Some scientists even say Rousseau, more than Hobbes, gave arguments for totalitarian regimes, whereas Hobbes introduced the idea of absolutism. Thomas Hobbes was born in 1588 in England. He was an English philosopher whose famous 1651 book Leviathan founded an important part of the Western political philosophy. In this master piece, Hobbes argues for a social contract and an absolute sovereign. Influenced by the English Civil War, Hobbes wrote that...

Table of contents:

I. A same "diagnosis" and "medicine cure" for a just society: to leave the state of nature to build a political body based on laws

II. Two different uses of the "medicine cure" to guarantee justice: submission to the Leviathan for Hobbes and submission to the general will for Rousseau

III. The loss of credibility of laws and States: are Hobbes and Rousseau's theories of justice still relevant?

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