The role of contracts in Hobbes' framework (in Leviathan)

Docs en anglais | 4 pages | 18-07-2008 | Format : | Note : Non noté |

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Résumé

Thomas Hobbes was born in 1588 in England. He was an English philosopher whose famous 1651 book Leviathan was at the origin an important part of the Western political philosophy. In this masterpiece, Hobbes argues for a social contract and an absolute sovereign. Influenced by the English Civil War, Hobbes wrote that chaos or civil war, that is to say situations identified with a state of nature and the famous motto Bellum omnium contra omnes - "the war of all against all" - could only be prevented by strong central government. He opposes Rousseau and Locke's ideas to Rousseau and Locke's ideas for whom the State should be dissoluted because of the existence of the social contract. In Hobbes's theory, the absolute sovereign is the fruit of horizontal and vertical contracts achieved by individuals. In fact, for Thomas Hobbes, contracts remain the way to leave abandon the state of nature (I), guarantee justice (II) and the way for individuals to be protected by the Leviathan. (III)

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