Résumé
Today, the European Union is seen as the best model of state integration in the world. The member states agreed on a system of values and functions, which resulted in the EU as we know it. This integration led to the creation of many institutions on which the member states have more or less influence. While some politicians and scholars wish to see the part of implication of the states decrease, others think that the preserval of state sovereignty is essential, and therefore they should be given more power.
In fact, it is hard to judge how important the states are in the Union. They do have some importance, but just asking the question leads to a wider and passionate debate about the fundements of the EU itself. Do we want a federal Europe with the Union being a supranational body, or a simple intergovernemental institution?
To answer the essay question, it is necessary to first realize what are the relationships between the states and the institutions of the EU. Then, it is important to examine the debate about a federal EU. But it seems also important to see how the situation might evolve, to wonder if the states are going to gain importance or to lose some ...