Have the two most recent enlargements of the European Union in 2004 and 2007 served all its citizens equally?

Docs en anglais | 14 pages | 20-02-2008 | Format : | Note : Non noté

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Résumé

Being part of the European Union is a long a complex task. We could ask ourselves: why does a country want to join the European Union?

In a first time, being part of the EU is a way to provide peace and prosperity within the member state. We understand that being part of the same union creates cohesion between the countries. It also means that countries are living in a more safety area thanks to EU securities measures. Many countries find an economic and political stability. In a second time, subscribe to the EU is an economic and social opportunity. Indeed the belonging countries have an economic and social model based on the EU' one. It benefits also with the schengen area. Being part of the European Union gives more power to an economy because not any country is individually able to challenge the world market. Therefore, poor countries economy is very low in comparison of the member state. Joining the EU will help to narrow the gap between these two economies. (http://europa.eu/)

From this statement of the situation, we could say that the European Union is an inconsiderable advantage for countries, but, in the same time, it could also be interpreted as a weight for others. In fact all the countries notice advantages and constraints being part of the EU. We have to understand that enlargement is not only a question negotiation and political issue. To be able to join the European Union, a country requires to go trough some criteria.

To see how equally the two last enlargements have served its citizen, we are to introduce briefly the enlargement history since 1957 and the admission conditions in order to understand more precisely the situation in 2004 and 2007. Then, by focussing on the two last enlargement measures, we are going to see how can we interpret EU' two last enlargements as beneficial. Finally, the disadvantages and the difficulties of this enlargement will be exposed.

Table of contents:

I) INTRODUCTION

II) A PAGE OF HISTORY

A. European Union formation
1. Europe 15
2. Europe 27

B. Membership conditions
1. Legal requirement
2. Rational conditions (Copenhagen 1993)

III) ADVANTAGES

A. Secure area
B. Economic factor
C. Cultural aspect

IV) DISADVANTAGES

A. Organizational reform

B. The financial aid
1. "PHARE" program
2. "IPSA" program
3. "SAP ARD" program

C. The GAP

V) CONCLUSION

VI) SOURCES

VII) DECLARATION

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