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Philosophie
What role(s) does irony play in Socrates' method ?
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RésuméEssay on the role and the function of irony in the Socrates' method. The complete topic is the following: What role(s) does irony play in Socrates' method? Does his use of irony undermine his claim for example in Apology 17b, to frankness of speech (parrhesia)?
Extract:
Portraying and praising Socrates, Alcibiades in the Symposium rebukes Socrates for his behaviour towards him. When Socrates was offered Alcibiades' body, he notably rejected Alcibiades' advances with “characteristic irony” (218e). Here, Alcibiades uses the adjective “characteristic” to qualify the irony of Socrates. Irony is indeed one of the most well-known aspect of Socrates' character. The name “Socrates” is intimately linked with the notion of irony. Thereby when a rhetorician talks about this concept of irony and wants to show that it has not only a role in rhetoric art but also that “a whole life may be filled with irony”, he cites the life of Socrates as an example (Quintilian IX, 2, 46). Now Socrates, as a philosopher, dedicaded his whole life to philosophy, that is to say to the quest of truth. Socrates' aim was not to find the truth but to look for it and he spent his time told young people in the streets of Athens about typical philosophical subjects (what is courage, what is virtue,...). To reach the truth Socrates used a very special method called elenchus which was basically a question and answer method: Socrates interrogated someone and waited for his answer. Each given answer was examined by Socrates who made apparent the weakness of the response. Each time he showed how inconsistent the answer was. In summary, Socrates was famous particularly for his irony and as a philosopher he spent his time pursuing the truth by using a peculiar method. The question is also : what role(s) does irony play in Socrates' method ? Does his use of irony undermine his claim, for example in Apology 17b, to frankness of speech (parrhesia) ?
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