What principles of Justice are underlying Democracy?

Philosophie | 6 pages | 02-02-2006 | Format : | Note : Non noté |

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Résumé

What Principles of Justice are underlying Democracy? An analysis through the study of the Classic Utilitarian perspective, Rawls critics and his "justice as fairness" principles and Dworkin analysis of a compensative justice.

Extract:

According to Montesquieu, “real equality [is] the very soul of a democracy” . In other terms, democracy is an ideal aimed at lowering inequalities and improving the well-being of the great majority of people. Nevertheless, as pointed out by Arthur Okun in his book Equality and Efficiency: The Big Trade-off, we remain still quite far away from reaching this ideal today in most cases. In the first chapter of his book, A. Okun stresses the contradictions of the American democracy, what he calls the “double standard of a capitalist democracy”.

...

The democratic ideal actually comes into conflict with today's growing economic and social inequalities. This conflict is all the more worrying since the society is becoming richer and more powerful. For instance, in the USA, “statistics show that the richest 1 percent of the US citizens own 40 percent of the total property of the country, while 80 percent of US citizens own just 16 percent” . Moreover, the trend is not likely to be downward. Instead, according to the same statistics, “since the 1990s, 40 percent of the increased wealth went into the pockets of the rich minority, while only 1 percent went to [...]

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