How can the crisis of the Welfare States affect the policy of fight against poverty?

Docs en anglais | 3 pages | 23-04-2007 | Format : | Note : Non noté

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Résumé

Since the end of the XVIIIth century, the disastrous consequences due to the Industrial Revolution and to "savage capitalism" on working conditions has been underlined through the rising resentment of the working class. That is why, in order to avoid social implosion and to control proletarian revolutions, European successive governments have implemented couple of laws that entitled to wage earners social rights, financial help. Those measures, in return, provided them access to consumption, to leisure. This great enhancement in social and economic rights is perfectly embodied by the French social protection's system in 1945, which was, at that time, the most efficient and the most reassuring social coverage.

However, the proletarian revolution seems today warded off and European Welfare States has to cope with new difficulties, such as mass unemployment and precariousness. Those new challenges are obviously the contiguous consequences of the automatic pursuit of profit and of the implementation of liberal policies in the 80's, at the expense of the working class.

As Welfare States is facing more than a match for themselves, we are witnessing today their certain "crisis" insofar as they are not prepared to those new difficulties and they haven't manage to go beyond the bounds yet. Hence, we can wonder how this crisis that is made by a range of facets, could affect the policy of fight against poverty, which forms part of a more global action. To what extent are Welfare States likely to transform themselves into a more efficient and more legitimate system?

Pierre Rosanvallon has stated three type of crisis of Welfare State: crisis of financing, crisis of efficiency and crisis of legitimacy. We will articulate our reflection through this triple spectrum, focusing on the first twice, analyzing their causes, their impact and their answers, mainly in France as it is the most developed and the most advanced social protection in Europe but we will also peep on others countries.

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